The Cost of Risky Debt in Cooperatives
This article values the debt of an input cooperative that procures a single commodity from farmers and then processes and markets the output, and an otherwise identical firm structured as an investor-owned firm (IOF) using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The major conclusion of this article is that a cooperative can be designed to be safer for lenders, which implies a lower cost of debt, than an otherwise identical firm structured as an IOF. This conclusion is a logical consequence of the difference between the residual claims of the owners of cooperatives and of IOFs.
The Cost of Risky Debt in Cooperatives
This article values the debt of an input cooperative that procures a single commodity from farmers and then processes and markets the output, and an otherwise identical firm structured as an investor-owned firm (IOF) using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The major conclusion of this article is that a cooperative can be designed to be safer for lenders, which implies a lower cost of debt, than an otherwise identical firm structured as an IOF. This conclusion is a logical consequence of the difference between the residual claims of the owners of cooperatives and of IOFs.