India’s spices exports (notabley pepper and cinnamon)  have followed the spices route since time immemorial. The oldest Spice routes of the world involved travel from Cochin  to the Arabian sea and  across the port of Aden and  the Gulf of Hormuz towards Mediterranean and then to Europe . This trade was conducted by Arabs. like through land route and across the Cape of Good Hope to Europe. With Vasco da Gama’s discovery of Malabar (Calicut) in 1498. A new alignment took place for the spices route. The post Vasco da Gama spices route commenced from Calicut/Cochin , circled the Cape of Good Hope  to reach European Ports. Later the Spices route set by Vasco da Gama  underwent  further branching  as shipments  crossed the Cape of Good Hope  to reach the Atlantic and from Atlantic to the United States.